Spray nozzles



Aug 22, 1961 R. J. DEMMSON 2,997,244

SPRAY NOZZLES Filed Feb. 19, 1958 Z0 V9 INVENTOR RAYMQND J DE MmsomATTORNEYS.

2,997,244 SPRAY NOZZLES Raymond Jules Demaison, New York, N.Y., assignorto Quigley Company, Inc., a corporation of New York Fiied Feb. 19, 1958,Ser. No. 716,175 Claims. (Cl. 239-598) This invention relates to anapparatus for applying repair materials in fluent forms to the interiorof a metallurgical furnace, and particularly to the front portions ofthe interior, which have heretofore been difficult to cover withexisting apparatus.

A typical lining for such a furnace is made of refractory brick, butthese linings deteriorate during use and require repair after each heat.This is accomplished by applying a refractory cement, such as thatdescribed and claimed in Patent No. 2,908,126, of `October 8, 1957, toMurphy and Demaison, and known as roof chrome.

This repair material is commonly applied by a spray gun. Such guns,have, however, heretofore been designed to project the material forwardin substantially the same direction as the feed tube to which they areattached. With such a gun it has been difficult to apply the repairmaterial to the forward portions of the roof, and to the inside of thefront Wall and the door jambs, because it has been difficult to directthe spray upon them.

Attempts to remedy this diculty by bending the feed tube of the spraynozzle, or by providing a spray with a lateral discharge have not beensuccessful. One of the reasons for this is that such devices have tendedto concentrate the discharge upon one spot rather than spread it out asa spray, so that it is very diicult to secure a uniform coverage on thefurnace lining. Another difficulty arises from the fact that the repaircement is very abrasive, so that it will wear the metal through at thebend, making such devices impractical.

It is an object of this invention to provide a nozzle which will give auniform distribution of the sprayed material, and which will yet becapable of being directed against those portions of the furnace whichhave heretofore been hard to reach.

It is a further object of this invention to provide a spray nozzle inwhich the direction of movement of the fluent cement is changed withoutbeing deflected by any fixed surface, but instead the force required toredirect the stream in the new direction is exerted by a body of thefluent `material itself, whereby wear and tear on the nozzle is avoided,and the stream is caused to assume a new direction Without beingdistorted by the velocity of the incoming stream.

It is a further object of this invention to provide a nozzle which willproduce a spray which will spread out fan-shaped in a plane transverseto the axis of the furnace, and which will be uniform in distribution,but in which the fan-shaped spray may be of relatively narrow width inthe direction of the axis of the furnace, so that the fluent refractorymay be distributed in even layers over the furnace surface, withoutobtaining a heavy build-up of material in any one area. In this manner amore even and more durable lining may be applied.

The invention therefore comprises the device hereinafter described, andshown in the accompanying drawings, in which FIG. l is aconventionalized section through an open hearth furnace, showing theapplication of the protective lining to the furnace. In the drawings,one such device is shown in solid lines, and in dotted lines there isshown a different position of the same device;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the nozzle of the spray gull;

States Patent ice FIG. 3 is a top plan view of the nozzle itself; and

FIG. 4 is a section on the line 4--4 of FIG. 3.

Since the furnace itself forms no part of the invention, no attempt ismade to show its details.

yAs here shown, the numeral 10 symbolizes the furnace, having a dooropening 11. The numeral 12 represents a feed pipe which is connected toa spray gun pump, or other source of fluent refractory material underpressure, not here shown.

The nozzle itself comprises a cylinder 13 having female threads at bothends. One of these ends 14, screws onto the feed pipe 12, and the otherend, 15, of the cylinder 13 is closed by a plug 16. A fan-shaped opening17 is cut through the peripheral wall of the cylinder 13 between itsends, said opening having tWo end walls 18, lying substantially inparallel planes at right angles to the axis of the cylinder throughoutthe thickness of said end walls to the outlet of the nozzle, and saidopening having sidewalls 19 lying in radial planes.

The nozzle of this construction discharges through the opening 17, andthis discharge is in the form of a small sector of a disc. It has beenfound that when the plug 16 is spaced back of the discharge opening wallto provide a small cavity 20 beyond the opening 17, the discharge itselfassumes a direction at right angles to the axis of the tube, and thedistribution is even over the area `of the sector. Thus the material maybe spread over the furnace surface, and the supply pipe and nozzle mayeasily be tilted sufficiently to cover the inner walls and the front ofthe furnace.

The nozzle appears to depend for its effectiveness upon the small amountof the repair material which accumulates at 20, in the end of thecylinder, beyond the spray opening 17 and in front of the plug 16. Thedirection of motion of the stream is thus not a direct reflection from asmooth metal surface, as it would be by a tdirect bend of the pipe butit appears rather to be a building up of pressure within the cylinder,the pressure being equal to and directly opposite to the incomingpressure, wherefore the resultant forces cause the discharge to move ina new direction. In any event, the effect is the same as though thefluent material were discharged under pressure from the center of thetube opposite the center of the discharge opening.

It may be that the material in the nozzle beyond the discharge openingassumes some form of inclined surface which itself reflects andredirects the stream. In any case, however, there is no surface subjectto Wear by this redirection, and any portion of this surface which iscarried out in the spray is itself quickly replaced by material comingin through the tube," so that the deflection surface, if one exists, ismaintained at all times.

At the same time, because all the material causing this bending of thestream is within the iiuent material itself, no stationary part of thegun receives undue wear.

The angle between the side wall 19 of the nozzle opening will determinethe spread of the spray discharge from the device, but it has been foundthat the best results have been obtained where this angle and the angleof the resulting spray is less than and more speciiically about 70. Theend walls 18 are generally made parallel, but the spray may be caused tospread out by changing the angle between them. It is desirable that thewall of the cylinder 13 shall be rather thick in order that the sideWalls of the nozzle can substantially define the angle of the spray.

The nozzle may be readily cleaned from time to time if required byremoving the plug 16. The extent to which the plug 16 is screwed intothe coupling will help to determine the angle and character of the sprayissuing from the nozzle.

What is claimed is:

1. A lateral discharge spray nozzle for deflecting a stream of iluentabrasive material in a substantially at rectangular fan-shaped spraypattern from a supply pipe, said spray nozzle comprising a tubularmember attachable to said supply pipe and having an inlet opening inaxial alignment therewith, the size of said inlet opening permitting theiluent abrasive material to enter the tubular member in full volume andat full pressure from the supply pipe, and said tubular member beingformed in its peripheral wall with an arcuate spray discharge openingpresenting front and back end walls lying in parallel planes at rightangles to the axis of the tubular member throughout the thicknesses ofsaid end Walls to the outlet of the nozzle and side Walls arrangedradially from said axis, and said tubular member containing a materialcollecting and pressure equalizing reservoir in axial alignment with itsinlet opening and located beyond said spray discharge opening, wherebythe material collecting in said reservoir will absorb the impact of theincoming stream and present a pressure equalizing force in a full areaplane perpendicular to the axis of said tubular member and located atthe back wall of the spray discharge opening, so as thus to cause aright angular deflection of the flowing stream of fluent abrasivematerial through said spray discharge opening under full supply pipepressure.

2. A lateral discharge spray nozzle according to claim l, wherein theradial side walls of the arcuate spray discharge opening are arranged atless than 90 apart.

3. A lateral discharge spray nozzle according to claim 1, wherein theradial side walls of the arcuate spray discharge opening are arranged atsubstantially 70 apart.

4. A lateral discharge spray nozzle for deecting a stream of uentabrasive material in a substantially iiat rectangular fan-shaped spraypattern from a supply pipe, said spray nozzle comprising a straightcylindrical pipe section open at one end to receive the materialdirectly from the supply pipe and' closed at the opposite end to 4interrupt the inilowing material, said pipe section having a bore ofuniform cross section throughout its length and having its open end of asize permitting the iluent abrasive material to enter the bore in fullvolume and at full pressure from the supply pipe, said pipe sectionhaving a circumferentially elongated arcuate spray discharge openingcontained wholly in its peripheral wall and presenting front and backend walls lying in parallel planes at right angles to the axis of thebore throughout the thicknesses of said end walls to the outlet of thenozzle and side Walls arranged radially from said axis, said spraydischarge opening being arranged between the open end and the closed endof the pipe section, leaving a material collecting and pressureequalizing reservoir beyond said spray discharge opening, whereby thematerial collecting in said reservoir will absorb the impact of theincoming stream and present a pressure equalizing force in a full areaplane perpendicular to the axis of the bore and located at the back wallof the spray discharge opening so as thus to cause a right angulardeflection of the llowing stream of abrasive material through saiddischarge opening under full supply pipe pressure.

5. A lateral discharge spray nozzle according to claim 4 wherein theradial side walls of the spray discharge opening are spacedsubstantially 70 apart.

References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 826,890Schafer July 24, 1906 1,644,226 Bedard Oct. 4, 1927 1,663,195 Ford Mar.20, 1928 1,936,413 Stillson Nov. 21, 1933 2,487,939 Norton Nov. 15, 19492,641,491 Mueller et al. June 9, 1953 2,724,928 Kirkland Nov. 29, 19552,801,133 Ridley July 30, 1957 2,878,068 Rienke Mar. 17, 1959

